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The weeks shown in color represent the start and end points of chemical exposure for each study.

Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Increased body weight at weaning, but not at birth

Subjects: CF-1 mice

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally

Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9)

Age of measurement: from birth to puberty

Reference
Howdeshell KL, vom Saal FS. 2000. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A: Interaction with endogenous estradiol during pregnancy in mice. Am Zool 40(3):429-437.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Increased mortality between birth and weaning

Subjects: CF-1 mice

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed orally

Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9)

Age of measurement: from birth to puberty

Reference
Howdeshell KL, vom Saal FS. 2000. Developmental exposure to bisphenol A: Interaction with endogenous estradiol during pregnancy in mice. Am Zool 40(3):429-437.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Decreased adult body weight in lower dose group

Subjects: CF-1 mice

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 2 or 20 ng/g bw/d

Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed through a micropipette

Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9)

Age of measurement: 6 months of age (adulthood)

Reference [PubMed Link]
vom Saal FS, Cooke PS, Buchanan DL, Palanza P, Thayer KA, Nagel SC, Parmigiani S, Welshons WV. 1998. A physiologically based approach to the study of bisphenol A and other estrogenic chemicals on the size of reproductive organs, daily sperm production, and behavior. Toxicology & Industrial Health 14(1-2):239-260.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Decreased body weight at lower dose

Subjects: CF-1 mice

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 2 or 20 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and fed through a micropipette

Exposure duration: gestational day 11 – gestational day 17 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to day 1 of week 9)

Age of measurement: 6 months of age (adulthood)

Reference [PubMed Link]
Nagel SC, vom Saal FS, Thayer KA, Dhar MG, Boechler M, Welshons WV. 1997. Relative binding affinity-serum modified access (RBA-SMA) assay predicts the relative in vivo bioactivity of the xenoestrogens bisphenol A and octylphenol. Environ Health Perspect 105(1):70-76.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Increased body weight

Subjects: Long-Evans rats

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 2.4 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: dissolved in corn oil and delivered through gavage

Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth)

Age of measurement: in adulthood (90 days of age)

Reference [PubMed Link]
Akingbemi BT, Sottas CM, Koulova AI, Klinefelter GR, Hardy MP. 2004. Inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis by the xenoestrogen bisphenol A is associated with reduced pituitary luteinizing hormone secretion and decreased steroidogenic enzyme gene expression in rat Leydig cells. Endocrinology 145(2):592-603.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Increased terminal body weight in three generations of males

Subjects: Holtzman rats

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 1.2 or 2.4 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: delivered via gavage

Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth)

Age of measurement: birth through adulthood

Reference [PubMed Link]
Salian S, Doshi T, Vanage G. 2009. Perinatal exposure of rats to Bisphenol A affects the fertility of male offspring. Life Sci 85(21-22):742-752.
Study Results Study Details References

Results for Bisphenol A

Increased number of fetal resorptions in three generations of females; decreased number of implantation sites in second and third generations at 2.4 μg/kg; increased post-implantation loss in third generation; increased pre-implantation loss in third generation at 2.4 μg/kg; decreased litter size across three generations

Subjects: Holtzman rats

Chemical: Bisphenol A

Low doses tested: 1.2 or 2.4 μg/kg bw/d

Route of administration: delivered via gavage

Exposure duration: gestational day 12 – post-natal day 21 (comparable to human prenatal development from approximately day 1 of week 4 to beyond birth)

Age of measurement: birth through adulthood

Reference [PubMed Link]
Salian S, Doshi T, Vanage G. 2009. Perinatal exposure of rats to Bisphenol A affects the fertility of male offspring. Life Sci 85(21-22):742-752.